LASIK stands for Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis. It is a procedure that permanently changes the shape of the cornea using an excimer laser. A specially designed knife called microkeratome is used to cut a flap in the cornea, with a hinge being left open at one end of this flap. The flap is then folded back revealing the middle section of the cornea. This surgical procedure is planned to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses.
However, LASIK surgery causes some complications that have to be resolved to avoid future eye troubles. Earlier studies on LASIK surgery highlight that only 5% of people who underwent LASIK surgery faced some kind of complications. However, today's skilled surgeons indicate that complication rates can be brought down to 1% if surgical candidates are selected carefully. LASIK complications are resolved through laser re-treatments or enhancements of the eye.
Complications of LASIK surgery are often associated with the cutting of a hinged flap in the clear front covering of the eye called cornea. If the flap is not cut properly, it may fail to hold correctly to the eye's surface. These flaps are cut with varying thickness depending upon clients needs. When flaps are placed back upon the eye, after surgery, they may wrinkle. Such complications can lead to an irregularly shaped eye surface and a vision defect known as irregular astigmatism, which may lead to vision distortions.
There are chances that the flap cut in LASIK may interfere with custom LASIK procedures. It involves taking exact measurements of the eye's optical system to detect vision defects not corrected in the past. Substituting the flap after precise laser vision correction may interfere with best outcomes if the flap is not remodeled with the custom measurements.
A study reported by the University of Rochester and Ohio State University, however, states that it is usually rare for LASIK to cause permanent or significant vision loss. They also deny that eyesight with contact lenses and eyeglasses becomes worse after LASIK surgery.
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